Projected Local Incidence Angle (PLIA) is the angle between the surface normal and the looking direction of the satellite or the Local Incidence Angle (LIA) projected into the range plane.
Product overview
The local incidence angle represents the angle between the surface normal and the looking direction of the satellite, which projected into the range plane. In short, the local incidence angle accounts for local slopes, which highly influenced by topography. Within the Austrian Data Cube project, the Sentinel-1 data are processed using the high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM), which theoretically enables the retrieval of the local incidence angle with the high resolution of 20m.
Product description
Generally, one projected local incidence angle (PLIA) image slice will be retrieved after the processing of one Sentinel-1 input file. Theoretically, the difference between two PLIA of the same orbit track is small and therefore, can be neglected. However, within this project, we provide one PLIA image for every pre-processed timestamp. In the following sub-section, the detail product format and important characteristics will be presented.
Product variables
The following table presents the overview of the format of the projected local incidence angle product after the processing at TU Wien.
| Code name | Scaling factor | Units | Type | Pixel size (m) | Image dimension | No-data | Number of bands |
|---|
| PLIA | 100 | Degree | int16 | 10,10 | 10000x10000 | -9999 | 1 |
Overview of Sentinel-1 projected local incidence angle
Area and time period
PLIA product is provided over the area of Austria from 01st January 2016 to the present.
Temporal resolution
As discussed above, the temporal resolution of PLIA product will be the same to pre-processed Sentinel-1 backscatter images, or 3-4 days over Austria in practical.
Image timestamps
The timestamps of PLIA product can be found in the filename, according to Sentinel file naming convention. It can also be found in the GeoTIFF header.
Spatial resolution and sampling
After the pre-processing at TU Wien, the PLIA images are tiled and georeferenced using the TU Wien Equi7(see Data specifications and formats) and have easting and northing coordinates with the pixel spacing of 10m.
The PLIA data is originally stored and delivered in GeoTIFF format. GeoTIFF is a standard which allows storing georeferencing information within a TIFF raster image.
java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.xpn.xwiki.web.XWikiServletURLFactory.findAttachmentForDocRevision(XWikiServletURLFactory.java:876)
at com.xpn.xwiki.web.XWikiServletURLFactory.createAttachmentURL(XWikiServletURLFactory.java:644)
at com.xpn.xwiki.XWiki.getAttachmentURL(XWiki.java:5656)
at com.xpn.xwiki.XWiki.getAttachmentURL(XWiki.java:5667)
at com.xpn.xwiki.XWiki.getAttachmentURL(XWiki.java:5704)
at com.xpn.xwiki.doc.DefaultDocumentAccessBridge.getAttachmentURL(DefaultDocumentAccessBridge.java:774)
at org.xwiki.rendering.internal.wiki.XWikiWikiModel.getLinkURL(XWikiWikiModel.java:155)
at org.xwiki.rendering.internal.wiki.XWikiWikiModel.getImageURL(XWikiWikiModel.java:185)
at org.xwiki.rendering.internal.renderer.xhtml.image.AttachmentXHTMLImageTypeRenderer.getImageSrcAttributeValue(AttachmentXHTMLImageTypeRenderer.java:68)
at org.xwiki.rendering.internal.renderer.xhtml.image.AbstractXHTMLImageTypeRenderer.onImage(AbstractXHTMLImageTypeRenderer.java:91)
at org.xwiki.rendering.internal.renderer.xhtml.image.DefaultXHTMLImageRenderer.onImage(DefaultXHTMLImageRenderer.java:76)
at org.xwiki.rendering.internal.renderer.xhtml.XHTMLChainingRenderer.onImage(XHTMLChainingRenderer.java:582)
at org.xwiki.rendering.listener.chaining.AbstractChainingListener.onImage(AbstractChainingListener.java:559)
at org.xwiki.rendering.listener.chaining.AbstractChainingListener.onImage(AbstractChainingListener.java:559)
at org.xwiki.rendering.listener.chaining.EmptyBlockChainingListener.onImage(EmptyBlockChainingListener.java:450)
at org.xwiki.rendering.listener.chaining.AbstractChainingListener.onImage(AbstractChainingListener.java:559)
at org.xwiki.rendering.listener.chaining.BlockStateChainingListener.onImage(BlockStateChainingListener.java:662)
at org.xwiki.rendering.listener.chaining.AbstractChainingListener.onImage(AbstractChainingListener.java:559)
at org.xwiki.rendering.block.ImageBlock.traverse(ImageBlock.java:96)
at org.xwiki.rendering.block.AbstractBlock.traverse(AbstractBlock.java:542)
at org.xwiki.rendering.block.AbstractBlock.traverse(AbstractBlock.java:542)
at org.xwiki.rendering.block.AbstractBlock.traverse(AbstractBlock.java:542)
at org.xwiki.rendering.block.AbstractBlock.traverse(AbstractBlock.java:542)
at org.xwiki.rendering.block.AbstractBlock.traverse(AbstractBlock.java:542)
at org.xwiki.rendering.internal.renderer.AbstractBlockRenderer.render(AbstractBlockRenderer.java:63)
at org.xwiki.rendering.internal.renderer.AbstractBlockRenderer.render(AbstractBlockRenderer.java:55)
at com.xpn.xwiki.doc.XWikiDocument.renderXDOM(XWikiDocument.java:8801)
at com.xpn.xwiki.doc.XWikiDocument.display(XWikiDocument.java:1231)
at com.xpn.xwiki.doc.XWikiDocument.getRenderedContent(XWikiDocument.java:1365)
at com.xpn.xwiki.doc.XWikiDocument.displayDocument(XWikiDocument.java:1314)
at com.xpn.xwiki.doc.XWikiDocument.displayDocument(XWikiDocument.java:1283)
at com.xpn.xwiki.api.Document.displayDocument(Document.java:794)
at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor393.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.velocity.util.introspection.UberspectImpl$VelMethodImpl.doInvoke(UberspectImpl.java:571)
at org.apache.velocity.util.introspection.UberspectImpl$VelMethodImpl.invoke(UberspectImpl.java:554)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTMethod.execute(ASTMethod.java:221)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTReference.execute(ASTReference.java:368)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTReference.value(ASTReference.java:704)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTExpression.value(ASTExpression.java:75)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTSetDirective.render(ASTSetDirective.java:242)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTBlock.render(ASTBlock.java:147)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.SimpleNode.render(SimpleNode.java:439)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTIfStatement.render(ASTIfStatement.java:190)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTBlock.render(ASTBlock.java:147)
at org.xwiki.velocity.internal.directive.TryCatchDirective.render(TryCatchDirective.java:86)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTDirective.render(ASTDirective.java:304)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.SimpleNode.render(SimpleNode.java:439)
at org.apache.velocity.Template.merge(Template.java:358)
at org.apache.velocity.Template.merge(Template.java:262)
at org.xwiki.velocity.internal.DefaultVelocityEngine.evaluate(DefaultVelocityEngine.java:280)
at com.xpn.xwiki.render.DefaultVelocityManager.evaluate(DefaultVelocityManager.java:321)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.VelocityTemplateEvaluator.evaluateContent(VelocityTemplateEvaluator.java:95)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.evaluateContent(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:225)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.renderVelocity(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:180)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.render(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:137)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.render(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:53)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.lambda$syncRender$0(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:267)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.security.authorization.DefaultAuthorExecutor.call(DefaultAuthorExecutor.java:98)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.syncRender(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:267)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.render(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:250)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.block.DefaultBlockAsyncRendererExecutor.render(DefaultBlockAsyncRendererExecutor.java:154)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.render(InternalTemplateManager.java:772)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.renderFromSkin(InternalTemplateManager.java:745)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.renderFromSkin(InternalTemplateManager.java:725)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.render(InternalTemplateManager.java:711)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.DefaultTemplateManager.render(DefaultTemplateManager.java:78)
at com.xpn.xwiki.XWiki.evaluateTemplate(XWiki.java:2509)
at com.xpn.xwiki.XWiki.parseTemplate(XWiki.java:2487)
at com.xpn.xwiki.api.XWiki.parseTemplate(XWiki.java:997)
at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor165.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.velocity.util.introspection.UberspectImpl$VelMethodImpl.doInvoke(UberspectImpl.java:571)
at org.apache.velocity.util.introspection.UberspectImpl$VelMethodImpl.invoke(UberspectImpl.java:554)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTMethod.execute(ASTMethod.java:221)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTReference.execute(ASTReference.java:368)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTReference.render(ASTReference.java:492)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTBlock.render(ASTBlock.java:147)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.VelocimacroProxy.render(VelocimacroProxy.java:218)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.RuntimeMacro.render(RuntimeMacro.java:331)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.RuntimeMacro.render(RuntimeMacro.java:261)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTDirective.render(ASTDirective.java:304)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.SimpleNode.render(SimpleNode.java:439)
at org.apache.velocity.Template.merge(Template.java:358)
at org.apache.velocity.Template.merge(Template.java:262)
at org.xwiki.velocity.internal.DefaultVelocityEngine.evaluate(DefaultVelocityEngine.java:280)
at com.xpn.xwiki.render.DefaultVelocityManager.evaluate(DefaultVelocityManager.java:321)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.VelocityTemplateEvaluator.evaluateContent(VelocityTemplateEvaluator.java:95)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.evaluateContent(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:225)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.renderVelocity(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:180)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.render(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:137)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.render(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:53)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.lambda$syncRender$0(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:267)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.security.authorization.DefaultAuthorExecutor.call(DefaultAuthorExecutor.java:98)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.syncRender(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:267)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.render(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:250)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.block.DefaultBlockAsyncRendererExecutor.render(DefaultBlockAsyncRendererExecutor.java:154)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.render(InternalTemplateManager.java:772)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.renderFromSkin(InternalTemplateManager.java:745)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.renderFromSkin(InternalTemplateManager.java:725)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.render(InternalTemplateManager.java:711)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.DefaultTemplateManager.render(DefaultTemplateManager.java:78)
at com.xpn.xwiki.XWiki.evaluateTemplate(XWiki.java:2509)
at com.xpn.xwiki.XWiki.parseTemplate(XWiki.java:2487)
at com.xpn.xwiki.api.XWiki.parseTemplate(XWiki.java:997)
at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor165.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.velocity.util.introspection.UberspectImpl$VelMethodImpl.doInvoke(UberspectImpl.java:571)
at org.apache.velocity.util.introspection.UberspectImpl$VelMethodImpl.invoke(UberspectImpl.java:554)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTMethod.execute(ASTMethod.java:221)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTReference.execute(ASTReference.java:368)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTReference.render(ASTReference.java:492)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTBlock.render(ASTBlock.java:147)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.VelocimacroProxy.render(VelocimacroProxy.java:218)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.RuntimeMacro.render(RuntimeMacro.java:331)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.directive.RuntimeMacro.render(RuntimeMacro.java:261)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTDirective.render(ASTDirective.java:304)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTBlock.render(ASTBlock.java:147)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTIfStatement.render(ASTIfStatement.java:171)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTBlock.render(ASTBlock.java:147)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.SimpleNode.render(SimpleNode.java:439)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.ASTIfStatement.render(ASTIfStatement.java:190)
at org.apache.velocity.runtime.parser.node.SimpleNode.render(SimpleNode.java:439)
at org.apache.velocity.Template.merge(Template.java:358)
at org.apache.velocity.Template.merge(Template.java:262)
at org.xwiki.velocity.internal.DefaultVelocityEngine.evaluate(DefaultVelocityEngine.java:280)
at com.xpn.xwiki.render.DefaultVelocityManager.evaluate(DefaultVelocityManager.java:321)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.VelocityTemplateEvaluator.evaluateContent(VelocityTemplateEvaluator.java:95)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.evaluateContent(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:225)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.renderVelocity(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:180)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.render(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:137)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.TemplateAsyncRenderer.render(TemplateAsyncRenderer.java:53)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.lambda$syncRender$0(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:267)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.security.authorization.DefaultAuthorExecutor.call(DefaultAuthorExecutor.java:98)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.syncRender(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:267)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.render(DefaultAsyncRendererExecutor.java:250)
at org.xwiki.rendering.async.internal.block.DefaultBlockAsyncRendererExecutor.render(DefaultBlockAsyncRendererExecutor.java:154)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.render(InternalTemplateManager.java:772)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.renderFromSkin(InternalTemplateManager.java:745)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.renderFromSkin(InternalTemplateManager.java:725)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.InternalTemplateManager.render(InternalTemplateManager.java:711)
at com.xpn.xwiki.internal.template.DefaultTemplateManager.render(DefaultTemplateManager.java:78)
at com.xpn.xwiki.XWiki.evaluateTemplate(XWiki.java:2509)
at com.xpn.xwiki.web.Utils.parseTemplate(Utils.java:179)
at com.xpn.xwiki.web.XWikiAction.execute(XWikiAction.java:606)
at com.xpn.xwiki.web.XWikiAction.execute(XWikiAction.java:289)
at com.xpn.xwiki.web.LegacyActionServlet.service(LegacyActionServlet.java:115)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:729)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:292)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
at com.xpn.xwiki.web.ActionFilter.doFilter(ActionFilter.java:122)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
at org.xwiki.wysiwyg.filter.ConversionFilter.doFilter(ConversionFilter.java:61)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
at org.xwiki.container.servlet.filters.internal.SetHTTPHeaderFilter.doFilter(SetHTTPHeaderFilter.java:63)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
at org.xwiki.container.servlet.filters.internal.SavedRequestRestorerFilter.doFilter(SavedRequestRestorerFilter.java:208)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
at org.xwiki.container.servlet.filters.internal.SetCharacterEncodingFilter.doFilter(SetCharacterEncodingFilter.java:111)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
at org.xwiki.resource.servlet.RoutingFilter.doFilter(RoutingFilter.java:132)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:213)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:494)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:141)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:616)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:522)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1095)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:672)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1520)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1476)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Sentinel-1 Projected Local Incidence Angle product at 10m spatial sampling. The scene covers the area of western Innsbruck, Austria, taken on 21st April 2016, 5:26:30'.
| Product Name | Projected Local Incidence Angle |
|---|
| Code Name | PLIA |
|---|
| Category | Sentinel-1 products |
|---|
| Spatial Sampling | 10m |
|---|
| Temporal Resolution | 3-4 days |
|---|
| Unit | Degree |
|---|